Cellular Respiration

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Cellular respiration produces the waste removed by alveolar respiration. As illustrated in Figure 1, at the cellular level, oxygen and glucose combine through a process called the Krebs Cycle to produce energy. This metabolic process creates carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a waste product. CO₂ diffuses from the cells into the bloodstream and is carried to the lungs for removal.

Figure 1. Cellular Respiration

Understanding that carbon dioxide is a byproduct of normal cellular metabolism helps EMS providers interpret capnography readings, which reflect the body’s ability to remove this waste gas.

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